NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF GLACIER TERMINUS EVOLUTION USING THE DUAL ACTION PRINCIPLE FOR MOMENTUM BALANCE

The momentum conservation equation for glacier flow can be described through minimization of an action functional.Several software packages for glacier flow modeling use this action principle in the design of numerical solution procedures.We derive here an equivalent dual action principle for the shallow stream approximation and implement this mode

Since the mid-2000s, there has been increasing recognition of the promise of collaborative research and management for addressing complex issues in sustainably managing fresh water.A large variety of collaborative freshwater research and management processes is now evident around the world.However, how collective knowledge development, coproduction